Causes Of The American Revolution - 1335 Words

There were multiple causes for the American Revolution, but the most important was the violation and deprivation of rights from the American People. The American people were faced with multiple acts and taxes that violated and took away their rights. Americans were continuously being taxed after the French and Indian War by acts like the sugar act, the stamp act, the Townshend acts,the tea act, and many more(Hedtke, et al., The American Saga). Despite all the taxes being placed on the Americans and the things they would buy, they still were not being represented in the British government. The British government claimed that the Americans had virtual representation, and that British parliament represents citizens of England anywhere they†¦show more content†¦The Americans rights were being violated and taken away by the acts and taxes put in place, and because they were losing their rights, the Americans wanted a Revolution, and the American Revolution occurred. After the Americans had enough of their rights being violated, and the British would not come to an agreement of peace, the American people went to war with the British in the American Revolution. The Americans fought against the British to gain their independence, and they won for many reasons. One of the reasons why the Americans won their independence, was that they had a logistical advantage(Hedtke, et al., The American Saga). The American people did not have to send letters and wait to receive orders from across the Atlantic Ocean, and they had a better understanding of the terrain in America(Hedtke, et al., The American Saga). The delay in British communication gave the Americans the advantage of creating and executing plans quicker than the British expected. One of the most important reasons why the Americans were successful in fighting, was because George Washington, broke every rule and guideline to warfare to attack the British(Hedtke, et al., The American Saga). On Decembe r 26, 1776, George Washington in desperation surprise attacks the British army across the Delaware river, and kill the commanderShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution : The Cause Of The American Revolution1898 Words   |  8 Pages The American Revolution was the turning point for the colonies that made up the United States today. It was the war that freed the colonists from British control. But what actually caused the American Revolution? Well, there’s no simple answer to that question. In fact, most of the causes acted as if they were dominoes. These events can be categorized in four periods of time or setting. These groups are, Salutary neglect, Mercantilism, Boston, and Unity of protests. Salutary neglect was the ideaRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1202 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history many revolutions took place, ranging from the unremarkable to a truly memorable, as the French revolution, the American Revolution, and the Bolshevik Revolution, but American re volution took place in 1775-1783. The revolution was different from other revolution because of growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government because American revolution was not like the others. This revolution was not like the others becauseRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution738 Words   |  3 Pagesas the American Revolution, or the Revolutionary War. The American Revolution was a war between the colonists of America and Great Britain and they were fighting over the independence of America from Britain. This war lasted until 1781, when the British surrendered to the Americans, As a result, America is a fully independent country and it has stayed that way since that day. There were many causes of the war, The Stamp Act, the Boston Tea Party, and Lexington and Concord. The first cause of theRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution913 Words   |  4 Pages While the american revolution was caused from taxes, it was also formed from the effects of a corrupt system of government. The effects of britains rule was a much bigger flame for the revolution then the taxes placed upon citizens. The american revolution was an event that will forever shape us as a country. It was a tough war filled with blood and brutal acts of violence, but it was also an awakening for the colonies that will later become the United States, it showed that while under a governmentRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution880 Words   |  4 Pages The American Revolution is the most important time in all of American history. This brought the birth of a new country and the treasured constitution. In the beginning, colonists were proud to be British. In the years to come, there were small occurrences that bothered the colonists and led to the Revolution. Other countries contributed to the start of a crueller British control. The French and Indian War caused King George III to introduce expensive taxes (Pavao). These taxes came about becauseRead MoreCauses of the American Revolution953 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Thou Mr. G./ Period 1 September 14, 2012 Causes of the American Revolution The American Revolution began in 1755 as an open conflict between the thirteen colonies and Great Britain. The Treaty of Paris had ended that war in 1783, giving the colonies their own independence. There are many factors contributing to the start of the Revolution, but the war began as the way The Great Britain treated the colonies versus the way the colonies felt they should be treated. For example, the FrenchRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution886 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution began on April 19, 1775. It was the war between Great Britain and its colonies located in the New World. The colonists, as many historians put it, were like children rebelling against the motherland; however, they had many valid reasons for this revolt, including their desire for freedom and independence. My World History textbook says freedom was falsely promised when the colonists had settled (Krull 868). The more direct causes of this widely known rebellion include taxesRead MoreCaus es Of The American Revolution1344 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Revolution The causes of the American Revolution go back to the beginning of salutary neglect and the French and Indian War, as well as changes in the thinking of society. The effects of these events and other factors led to pressure within the colonies, ultimately resulting in rebellion. There were five factors to the nature of the American Revolution: The Environment, The Enlightenment, Self-Government, Economic Independence and Colonial Unity. The first factor that led to the AmericanRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution813 Words   |  4 PagesCauses Before the American Revolution, any imports from England from us had to come in ships owned by the British. Also, we could only sell tobacco and sugar to England. The British took French territory in Canada, east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish Florida which led to the American Revolution. Due to the war, Britain went in debt so, the British government placed taxes on goods so they could make more money. But that’s not all that led to the American Revolution, both the us and the FrenchRead MoreCauses Of The American Revolution1008 Words   |  5 PagesThe American revolution, the war that helped make America what it is today. However, America did not become the land of the free and home of the brave overnight. Like many wars before, one single event did not cause the American Revolution. After years of disagreement on how Britain should rule the American colonies, the colonists declared their independence and sparked a revolution. By the late 1600s, England pushed to strengthen their control over the existing American colonies by enforcing mercantilism

Three Mini Essays - 1392 Words

The Sound of a Voice by David Henry Hwang is a play that tells the story of two people embroiled in a love affair that is marked by secrets, emotional distance, dishonesty, and ultimately, tragedy. The two characters, a Japanese man and woman who are probably both in their fifties, fall in love but do not even reveal their names to each other. The nine acts of The Sound of a Voice are set entirely in the womans home. The man character is a visitor in the woman characters home. The woman serves the man tea and a meal and invites him to stay as long as [hed] like. (Hwang 2000) The man decides to stay, at the very least for another day, in spite of the rumors he has heard that other visitors to the womans home have never left.†¦show more content†¦She holds tight to beautiful memories of past lovers as she gazes upon her lovely and fragile flowers. The man steals a flower from the womans vase and looks at it intermittently throughout the play, his eyes filled with rapture because the flower reminds him of the woman. Her death is foretold by the death and decay of this flower. The fact of the flowers death also indicates that this relationship is doomed from the very beginning to death and decay. The shakuhatchi, a Japanese flute, is also a symbol that is fraught with meaning. The man overhears the woman playing her flute and marvels at how well she plays. She eagerly offers to play for him at any time, as a substitute for her feelings that she is too scared to reveal. In Scene Six, the woman is transformed in the mans eyes from merely attractive to incredibly beautiful, as she carries her vase of flowers accompanied by the sound of her flute. This is the moment that the man fully realizes his passion for the woman. The conclusion of The Sound of a Voice is cataclysmic and shocking. The ending conveys that trying to love or be loved is futile; its meaning is that love will only cause pain. The symbolism throughout the story supports this mea ning. The play is full of objects that are beautiful but convey mistrust and death, such as using flute music as a substitute for emotion, and the withering flowers.Show MoreRelated From Description to Analysis765 Words   |  4 Pages students for the most part have understood how to present a central argument for their papers, but they do not write in such a way that their argument pervades the essay assignment. Because composition teachers rely on a distinction between arguments and evidence, students often do not see how their evidence (the bulk of their essay) can be anything but descriptive, non-analytic, and transparently factual. For example, students often present characters speech as communicating their own (the students)Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Health Care Leaves Students With The Challenge Of Gaining Academic Writing Styles1100 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents do not know how to correctly form and present an essay, problems may occur in the form of plagiarism, leaving the academic paper ineffective. An academic essay with no structure is as ineffective as one without the right process, both are need for an academic paper to be successful. Many institutions and credible literature have their own definition of what an academic essay is. The guidelines in Dartmouth College describe an essay as being similar to a newspaper editorial in the way thatRead MoreEssay on All That Jazz1115 Words   |  5 Pages(formula) for the successful organization and development of an argumentative essay as well as the framework for a formal outline that you can and should use for each of your essays. Print out the final pages and fill in the info by hand so that you can see how your body paragraphs are organized. Note though, that your essay might have more than four body paragraphs. Please recall that formal outlines must accompany each essay you write, but note that the basic formula TEMPLATE provided does not haveRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article A Classic Format For Piano 1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Five-Paragraph Essay # A classic format for compositions is the five-paragraph essay. It is not the only format for writing an essay, of course, but it is a useful model for you to keep in mind, especially as you begin to develop your composition skills. The following material is adapted from a handout prepared by Harry Livermore for his high school English classes at Cook High School in Adel, Georgia. It is used here with his permission. Introduction: Introductory Paragraph See, first, WritingRead MoreNurse Communication1326 Words   |  6 Pagesin the Australian Oxford Mini Dictionary as the sharing or imparting of information (2010, p. 102). The ability to communicate effectively with patients is important in establishing a therapeutic relationship that will contribute to their care needs, both physically and emotionally (Stein-Parbury, 2009, p. 9). This essay is about the communication skills used by Nurse Gwen during a consultation with Mrs Smith in scenario two. Throughout the essay, it will identify three types of communication skillsRead MoreLearning New Vocabulary At Parkview Middle School972 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents are classified with an emotional disability, one is classified other health impaired and one is classified with autism. The participants included nine male students and three female students. Three students were enrolled in sixth grade, three in seventh grade and six students were enrolled in eighth grade. Three students w ere African American, one Hispanic, and eight white students. Data Collection The data was collected during the study were included the following: A Likert survey on preconceptionsRead MoreHow Creative A Person Is?1560 Words   |  7 Pages There are many methods used to measure how creative a person is, therefore, within this essay I will focus on a few methods by giving informative descriptions and providing a range of sources to back up these methods validity. Creativity is the ability to excel established ideas, rules, systems, relationships and to generate important new ideas, methods, explanations etc. The effectiveness of each measure of creativity effectively conducted in different experiments using different methods. The resultsRead MoreEvaluation Of An Individual Assessment Scale1682 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy personality and individual differences at Griffith University in 2016. The one HEXACO trait, which is discussed in this essay, is Extroversion, and the one RST trait discussed is the revised Behavioural Activation System (BAS). The mini-IPIP is a 24-item measure of six broad personality dimensions, inspired by the HEXACO model. Therefore, the Mini-IPIP6 extends the Mini-IPIP to assess the six broad-bandwidth personality dimensions of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and OpennessRead MoreEssay on Dbq Mini Q Renaissance Hq Student Fi2066 Words   |  9 PagesRenaissance Mini-Q Class Name ( hour): Name: How Did the Renaissance Change Mans View of Man? †¢ Overview: The word renai ssance means rebirth or revival. In world history, the Renaissance is used to describe a period in Europe that began around the year 1400 and lasted until about 1700. Thanks in large part to the scientific and cultural advances made during this time , people saw them ­ selves in a new way. The impact of the Renaiss ance was powerful and has endured for centuries.Read MoreCase Study: Application of Real Options to Energy Investments1718 Words   |  7 Pagesnot consider relevant project characteristics like irreversibility, uncertainty and management flexibility. They propose that the Real Options Approach (ROA) has an advantage over conventional methods. The aim of this essay is to apply real options to a renewable energy investment (mini-hydro plant) using the binomial lattice tree developed by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein. Economic evaluation of energy investments Electricity generation projects are more or less irreversible because their huge capital outlay

Issues and Prospects of Internet Legislation Free Essays

The 90’s marked the coming of an innovation, which proved the interconnectedness beyond time and space of people and institutions. Internet use had become widespread as infrastructures enabling its maximization take place and as markets and social organizations use it for various purposes be it in business, politics or socialization. However, alongside its beneficial results toward faster communication and as information dissemination facility, are issues, which drove concerned groups to seek legislations (i. We will write a custom essay sample on Issues and Prospects of Internet Legislation or any similar topic only for you Order Now   e. cyber laws or internet laws) against irresponsible use of cyberspace to further selfish and immoral ends. Some issues, which arise pertaining to the demand for legislation, are freedom of speech, jurisdiction, intellectual property and privacy. Yet, problems exist both in proposing for legislation and implementation of existing laws usually due to the vagueness of the policy and complex realities behind Internet usage. Internet has no boundaries whether jurisdictional or geographical hence, only the physical jurisdiction of the user may be subjected to the laws of his own area. Hence, legislation on cyber issues face the dilemma of identifying appropriate laws that may cover an offense made through Internet transaction. Nonetheless, there are three common laws from which to choose from; the laws in the state where the user is located; the laws of the country which hosts the server and; laws of the state where the correspondent user is located. What happens then when there are conflicts in the laws of two or all of the above? This is one issue, which affects the decent legislative initiative like in fighting cyber crimes (e. g. cybersex, hacking and cyber terrorism)- the absence of a universal law in cyber-related matters hence, the conflict of laws issue. What complicated the situation further is the argument of â€Å"privacy† and â€Å"freedom of speech† amongst those who defend against critics of personal blogs and e-journals expressing liberally one’s views against another. Likewise, intellectual property is a debated topic in the cyber world since transfer of files and sharing is easier now, therefore the neglect of IPR. The demand for legislation includes concerns toward regulation of content; corresponding juridical procedures and; strengthening securitization. Countries like Singapore, Saudi Arabi, Tunisia and Iran had practiced control of information rather than strictly observing policy-guided schemes. Then again, governments have been questioned vis a vis their authority to control information in blogspots, etc. The most alarming issue, which called for unity amongst developed countries in pushing for universal action, is cyber terrorism and cyber crimes. United States, Russia and EU member nations, Australia and Singapore are among those who enforced steps against those. The International Computer Crime Conference in Norway pushed for the following: formulation of multinational convention to combat cyber crimes and to push for national security policies. How to cite Issues and Prospects of Internet Legislation, Papers

True love in Hamlet Essay Example For Students

True love in Hamlet Essay Something is rotten in the state of Denmark, (1.4.89) Marcellus so wisely stated not knowing the precision behind his words. Various dialogue exchanged throughout the play discretely summarized events that took place. Horatio proved this point when he stated Of carnal, bloody, and unnatural acts, of accidental judgments, casual slaughters, of deaths put on by cunning and forcd cause, and in this upshot, purposes mistook falln on th inventors heads. (5.2.381-5)These quotes could easily relate to numerous events that took place during the course of the play, however, none of them are more interesting then the question of true love. The words true love do not encompass Hamlet and Ophelia; but, Gertrude and Claudius. Many readers of Hamlet assume that Gertrude and Claudius were madly in love with out truly investigating the nature of their marriage. Most arguments on this topic are solely based around one misread and overlooked passage. The ghost clearly pronounced Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast, (1.5.42) but, what did the spirit actually mean? To comprehend what the ghost meant by these words, the sentence needs to be broken down. One word specifically plays a significant role in how the relationship between Claudius and Gertrude is interpreted. The word adulterate has many definitions; counterfeit, corrupted by intermixture, to falsify, to make impure or inferior, or to corrupt. If these definitions are applied to the characteristics of Claudius (to whom the ghost was referring to), or, to the effect Claudius has on Gertrude; it is easily understood why so many are falsely lead to assume that Claudius and Gertrude were partaking in an incestuous relationship, this is caused by lack of examination. The single word adulterate opens innumerable doors left to be navigated. Questions arise that could change ones outlook on the entire play. Such as: Did Gertrude know about Claudius plans to murder old Hamlet?; What did Gertrude gain by marring Claudius?; What did Claudius have to gain by marring Gertrude?; Were they intimately involved before old Hamlets death? and finally, were Claudius and Gertrude in love?As to the question of weather or not Gertrude knew about the premeditated murder of old Hamlet, the answer is no. There are uncountable examples that prove this to be a false assumption. During the mouse trap, a performance acted by the players, a scene that depicts a king talking to his queen about death, the player queen recites over and over her immortal love for the king: In second husband let me be accursd! None wed the second but who killd the first. (3.2.179-80) Another prime example would be when she stated; A second time I kill my husband dead, when second husband kisse s me in bed. (3.2.184-5) Hamlet soon after turned to his mother and asked Madam, how like you this play? (3.2.229) The lady doth protest too much, methinks, (3.2.230) the queen replied implying that she thought the player queen made empty promises. Had the Gertrude known about Claudius plans to murder old Hamlet, surely she would have acknowledged what the play was about and she would have acted out the way Claudius did when he called for the lights after he finally realized what was going on. Also, after the play, Hamlet had a conference with his mother, during their talk, Hamlet learned that someone was hiding behind the arras, he killed this person and moments later discovered it was Polonius. In an exchange of words between Hamlet and Gertrude, we see that Gertrude is shocked at the mention of old Hamlets murder:Queen: O, what a rash and bloody deed is this!Hamlet: A bloody deed! Almost as bad, good mother, as kill a king, and marrywith his brother. .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .postImageUrl , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:hover , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:visited , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:active { border:0!important; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:active , .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8 .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueedb1d4338d4b5e3464bef11dcf98ff8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives EssayQueen: As kill a king!Hamlet: Ay, lady, it was my word. Gertrude portrays a superficial, self-centered woman. On many occasions Gertrude substantiates this point. She tends to be concerned with other peoples thoughts of her and how she is viewed in their eyes. Since she did not contemplate old Hamlets death, she was flabbergasted to learn that he was dead. Once she received news of his demise, she instantaneously began to consider what would happen to her if she no longer held the throne. Rightfully, Hamlet should have taken his fathers place at the royal seat, if this had been so, Gertrude would have lost an ample amount of power in Denmark. Granted, she would always be known as a queen for the remainder of here life, but she would no longer be considered at the top of royal proceedings. This conception frightened her exceedingly. Since Claudius charted the doom of old Hamlet, it can questionably be determined that he would have known Gertrudes reaction to the news, once she was over the initial shock. He began to seduce Gertrude and put inaccurate ideas into her head of how she would indeed become a forgotten Queen. Claudius also presented her with ways she could remain in the seat of state, she could remarry. Who better to remarry than himself is more then likely the justification he approached her with. Gertrude, like Claudius, would have done anything to hold the throne. Claudius was a power hungry and jealous man. He was envious of his brothers position in Denmark and became ruthless in the odyssey to obtain what his brother had. He himself stated this while praying for his transgressions, I am still possessd of those effects for which I did murther: my crown, mine own ambition, and my queen.(3.2.53-5) It is comprehensible to see what Claudius had to gain by marrying Gertrude, he didnt love her, he wanted his departed brothers possessions. The word adulterate, which so often misrepresents an undying love affair between Gertrude and Claudius, is only mentioned once throughout the entirety of the play. Gertrudes sins are spoken of on numerous occasions. In act III scene IV, an altercation between Hamlet and his mother allows Hamlet to list her many sins makes marriage vows as false as dicers oaths/ You cannot call it love, for at your age the heyday in the blood is tame. (3.4.44:68) Not once throughout their entire dialogue does Hamlet mention anything about his mother committing adultery. There is one prominent instance when Claudius and Gertrudes love is put on trial. During the fencing match, Gertrude picked up the cup which accommodated poison put into the cup by Claudius. Gertrude, do not drink. (5.2.290) These were the only words Claudius spoke to prevent his loving wife from dying before his eyes. To the audience he spoke, It is the poisned cup, it is too late. (5.2.292) This statement alone proved that Claudius loved the throne and the power accompanied by it more then he loved Gertrude. Using this example to prove that Claudius and Gertrude were not in love can be noted as a one sided argument. Claudius proved to the audience that he did not love Gertrude, however, the question as to weather or not Gertrude loved Claudius still remains indecisive. It can be concluded that Claudius certainty corrupted Gertrude and made her into a counterfeit figure, in Hamlets eyes nevertheless. In the beginning of the play, Hamlet was extremely affection toward his mother. As the play progressed, Hamlet became more and more bitter and acrimonious with her. Hamlet didnt believe that his mother and Claudius were in love, he didnt seem to care, he was more interested in preserving his fathers honor. .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .postImageUrl , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:hover , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:visited , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:active { border:0!important; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:active , .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0 .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u32f2f54168b662947c64d429f50397d0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Womenof Brester Place EssayQueen: Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended. Hamlet: Mother, thou hast my father much offended. Queen: Come, come, you answer with an idle tongue. Hamlet: Go, go, you question with a wicked tongue.

Man vs Society free essay sample

Man vs Society Man vs. Society In todays world, days are sometimes based upon whether one will be accepted into society by their actions, but for many, its about standing out from the rest. Though these are two completely different ideas, under certain circumstances, both ideas can become equally important. For many, they will do everything possible to make a difference. In 1955, during one of the largest racial segregations, an African American woman named Rosa Parks became a legacy. Despite the harsh laws, she stood her ground and refused to give up her seat to a white man on a public bus Wikipedia. om). She definitely made a statement that resulted in a nationwide controversy. By doing so, Rosa Parks actions became inspiration for all African Americans who have dealt with the same pains of being treated unfairly. Thus, she became a leader and a hero for being one of the many who put an end to the racial discrimination. We will write a custom essay sample on Man vs Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For standing up for what she believed and for the sake of others, Rosa Parks made a difference in the world today. Because one person went against all of society, she was able to make the world a better place. With determination and ourage, Rosa Parks demonstrates how far anyone can succeed and make a difference against all odds. But for others, some were never given the chance. In Harper Lees novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Tom Robinson, an African American man, was accused of abusing and raping Mayella Ewell, a white woman. But because he was of different skin color and at the scene of the incident, he was immediately to blame. Though an honest man, there was not much Robinson could do because of his unawareness of how to handle the situation. Atticus had used every tool vailable to free men to save Tom Robinson, but in the secret courts of mens hearts Atticus had no case. Tom was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed (Lee). Atticus, Robinsons lawyer, fought for his freedom with an unfailing heart. But because, the town itself had a reputation to keep and there were many who discriminated, Atticus lost the case. Whether its one against all or all against one, its important to know what each side was fghting for. In this world, situations may not always be fair, but its always a lesson learned when defending for what they believed in.

The Fall Of The House Of Usher Essays (1029 words) - Free Essays

The Fall Of The House Of Usher Essays (1029 words) - Free Essays The Fall Of The House Of Usher Death is defined as, The termination or extinction of something. Edgar Allen Poe uses this description in The Fall of the House of Usher in different ways. Poe's intention when writing The Fall of the House of Usher was not to present a moral, lesson, or truth to the reader; he was simply trying to bring forth a sense of terror to the reader. Poe's mind works this way, and critics believe this statement, especially when related to this story. Poe is grouped with other writers in the Romantic period. Writers of this period focused on life, emotions, and the existence of the human race. Although Poe's work has many characteristics of Romanticism, The Fall of the House of Usher, falls into the Gothic category. It is usually admired for its 'atmosphere' and for its exquisitely artificial manipulation of Gothic claptrap and decor. Bringing forth the symbolism of death is a major part of this writing. All of the characters in The Fall of the House of Usher are linked to death; by physical objects or by other people. There are no symbols of absolute good. The physical aspect of the House of Usher symbolizes death, in the chain of events, during the story. Even Poe's description of the house has deadly characteristics. Poe describes the house as having eye-like windows and being covered by minute fungihanging in a fine tangled web-work from the eaves; a barely perceptible fissure, which, extending from the roof of the building in front, made its way down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in the sullen waters of the tarn. This fissure is presented to the reader, early in the story, to represent that Roderick's love for his twin sister, Madeline, was dying, because she was suffering from a mysterious malady, or disease, that baffled her doctors. This caused Roderick to be emotionally and physically depressed, and was described as a madman at this point. He was convinced that his whole surroundings, the stones of the house, the fungi, the water in the tarn, the very reflected image of the whole, was woven into a physica l oneness with the family, condensed, as it were, into one atmosphere-the special atmosphere in which alone the Ushers could live. And it was this atmosphere which had molded the destinies of his family. Roderick invites a friend to the House of Usher to visit and support him during this crisis. The narrator is involved in all of Roderick's emotions and problems during the course of the story. He sees Roderick's compassion for his sister during her illness. After Madeline dies he assists Roderick in the placement of her body in a steal coffin in a vault under the house. The reason for such protection of Madeline's body was the fear of her doctors. They were so fascinated by the strangeness of her disease that Roderick feared that they would steal her body for pathologic reasons. Poe uses this whole scenario to show that Roderick really cared for his sister. It was as though they were one being, relying on each other for life; -a brother, his twin sister, and their incredibly ancient house all sharing a single soul and meeting one common dissolution at the same moment. Once Madeline died, Roderick had lost part of himself. Madeline was his connection in the human realm. He knew that his love would eventually kill her, and it did. They loved without any resistance and eventually dragged each other to death. For the Holy Ghost says you must not be as one thing with another being. Each must abide by itself, and correspond only within certain limits. In the end, Roderick's guest finally expresses that Roderick is truly a madman. The purpose for this is that Madeline was alive when they sealed her in the coffin. Usher knew that he had done this many days before, Long-long-long-many minutes, many hours, many days, have I heard it-yet I dared not-oh, pity me, miserable wretch that I am!-I dared not-I dared not speak! We have put her living in the tomb! After Usher finally speaks about what he knew, a figure of Madeline appears to them, but then without those doors there

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Essay

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act - Essay Example means on the soil of the United States of America. The collection of information was initially from ‘foreign powers’ and ‘agents of foreign powers’ and the jurisdiction of the law extended to American Citizens and permanent residents of the United States suspected of violating US law or engaging in activities like espionage against the US government. (Jaeger, 2003) Foreign Intelligence information, in context of the FISA means and entails information necessary to protect the United States against potential or actual attack and/or sabotage or acts of international terrorism. Under FISA was also established the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, a special U.S. Federal court that holds nonpublic hearings in order to issue search warrants under FISA. Proceedings before the FISC are  ex parte, implying that the government is the only part present. However, in the year 2001, an important Amendment was made to the Act under the USA PATRIOT Act in order to encompass terrorist groups who don’t work on behalf of any foreign Governments and are essentially, Non-State actors engaging in activities, the likes of espionage on foreign soil. (Del, 2010) Let us delve into the ordinary article III warrant that is issued for the American nationals residing in the United States of America. There are certain steps and procedures that need to be followed in order for this warrant to be effectively executed without any illegal mishaps. First the police officer and the municipal judge need to be sure that there has been a certain violation of the law only after which the municipal judge can take out a search warrant to investigate the probable crime scene. For the execution of the warrant, nuanced details need to be taken care of such as any property that is seized should be taken in exchange for a receipt made in the name of the owner. Timeline is an important factor as the warrants issued need to be executed in the ten days afte r the issue is made. (Del, 2010) The primary difference between warrants issued under article III and under FISA is the probable cause requirement. As compared to an ordinary warrant which entails for an agent seeking it to prove past or present criminal activity and potential threat in the future, the warrants under FISA are issued when it is proven that the target is an agent of a foreign power or engaged in international terrorism. Thus we need to understand the fact that the probable cause requirement mentioned in the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act corresponds to the agent just having to be proved to be a foreigner who is engaged in agent related activities. Once this is proven the agent can then be put on surveillance in order to gauge as much information as possible which would be of use or no use to the United States of America. Keeping this in mind and contrasting it with the article III warrant we see that in order to for this warrant to be issued, a long administrat ive process in undertaken so that first it is ascertained that for what

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Personal statement - Essay Example For a reputable student with less finances, I would apply high earning aspect in New York City, thus start raising money. Even though the effort might not come out very huge, this attempt will ask people to pay regard to a community like ‘The Association to Benefit Children’. I would choose â€Å"My Father’s Eyes† by Eric Clapton. This song embraces all generations and is preferred. As a business man or CEO of a company, a person should be responsible for his employees’ management. If offered a chance to sing, I would harmonize one powerful speech which would change people’s mind. My father has worked as President of a company over 20 years which has attracted me with his challenging persona. As I am not a person who is satisfied with sticking at once place, I ventured into the realms of Stern School of Business at NYU as it is competitive and has produced many successful business folks, hence encouraging

Comprehensive Examination for Capella Learner Essay

Comprehensive Examination for Capella Learner - Essay Example Kaya (1994) made it clear that in most developing and less developed countries the public libraries are one of the last parts of the infrastructure to be put into place. As a consequence, many developing and less developed countries have a significant gap between the information wants and needs of their mostly poor populations and the information and communications that could potentially be available to them through having more libraries with the latest ICT. The purpose of this paper will be to evaluate how information technology and telecommunications can aid librarianship in developing and less developed countries and help significantly increase the literacy of any given country's population through analyzing one technology installation as it relates to increased literacy. This paper discusses issues that are faced by librarians in developing and less developed countries. An Information and Communications Technology program is suggested to support the librarianship in developing and less developed countries to provide the means for possible improvement of their probable contributions in those countries. This paper considers two key factors as the main ideas. Number one is job satisfaction, which is an extremely important aspect in the structuring of an organization, especially one where motivation is one of its key economic drivers. Number two is libraries that are bundled with the learning environment of society in a developing country. Bearing in mind the relevant fact that in developing and less developed countries human resources is the number one service provider due to lack of technological advances, the issue of job satisfaction for the librarians in those countries becomes crucial to the implementation of positive changes in the socio-cultural context that can help those developing and less developed countries emerge as productive, empowered and proactive communities in the realm of economic and human development. . These significant issues will be discussed and analyzed in some detail. Then the discussion will be followed by the guidelines which should encapsulate the necessary information and communications regarding organizations and associations that can provide support for librarianship in developing and less developed countries aided with the help of the implementation of ICT initiatives that can really enhance the educational experience necessary for those developing and less developed countries to achieve higher degrees of collective welfare. The focus should be placed on the primary factors for funding and finding the proper technologies to support the librarianship in developing and less developed countries in such a synergic way that the learning community can surpass their present level of illiteracy/oral tra ditions, lack of knowledge and poverty through the extremely relevant value of education in all the realms of its implicit and explicit meanings. Without education, it is really impossible to achieve a minimum degree of civilization and development in any country, especially in poverty-stricken countries like the developing and less developed countries. Technology is a powerful means of empowering any

The Process of Development

The Process of Development Introduction This essay, will be discussing the advantages and disadvantages of culture in the process of development. As it will be demonstrated, culture can both be a catlystic agent just as it can be a stumbling block for development process. Whether we like or not,we have to understand that culture plays an indespensable role in the way people respond to diferent development policies.Thus according to Spackman,in what he called Postmodern appraoch , an economic policy that leads to sustainable development opt to take into account a psychological angle also known as development with a focus on personal needs and growth; secondly, it should consider a spiritual dimension given that this trend constitutes the deepest root of human existence . Such policy he added will provide legs and not clutches .This policy is also referred to as People Centered Development (PCD) in short. (Speckman2007:24-25). The aim of this essay however is not to discuss which policy is the best but the advantages and dis advantages of culture on development process and,for the sake of this paper , I have decided to base my discusion on five important elements. These are: Sexism and Patriarchy; the impact of Lobola (dowry) on Development; African understanding of knoweledge, the understanding of Culture visavis of different deseases mainly HIV and AIDS and finally, culture and environmnet. What is culture? According to the Oxford Dictionary (1999), Culture is defined as arts and other manifestations of human itellectual achievement regarded collectively.the custums institutions and achievemtnet of a particular nation people, or group.(Oxford Dictionry, 348:1999). For an Africans the topic concerning the impact of culture and development progress is crucial because on one hand, we are eager to keep our culture of which we are proud of but on the other hand, as a leader, we are compelled to guide people toward a sustainable development. (Speckman2007:44). Christianity as a culture: From the definition provided above, one may also suggest that culture is not only what our ancestrors left to us which were transmited to us through oral traditional. After our grand parents had converteed to Christianity they somehow adopted a new culture that we inherit.In other word, I wsh to argue that Christianity itself and the way we adopt it contitute culture which deserve a special attention while discussing the isue of the impact of Culture and Development. For instance, some Zulus will say I dont practice ancestros worship because I am a Christian. In order words, this implies I dont practie that cultural practice because I have adopted another one. Thus the topic: christianity and Deveopment. What is development? : Acording Oxford Dictionary, (1999) simply one maysimply say that Development is a specified state of growth or advancement. (We will argue that s mant African scholars such as Kalenkole and Mbiti have argued Africans are very religius people and yet remained poor. (Oxford Dictionary, 1999:392). What is the relation between Culture and Development? Historically speaking, Schech and Haggis(2002) argue that the origins of the notion of development in the sense of promoting social progress lie in the same set in the nineteeth century as which are associated with the origins of the concept of culture . They added, Indeed culture and development sometimes mean almost the same thing until discourses of development planning and cultural specificity diverged in the ealry decades of the present century. (Schech and Haggis, 2002:5). Thus in Africa, specifically in South Africa, given the place ocupied by culture, one may argue that if we are projecting for a sustainable development, it is indispensable to scrutinize both the strenghts and the weaknesses that cuture can bring about and, when possible try to challenge critically some of our cultural practices and believes that appear to be as an obstruction to Development.But at all time, we first have to be conscious that we can not impliment efficient development policies while ignoring the presence of culture. Larry Yost nd Hugh Tracy were right in their eighth principle of Community Development Work when arguing the importance of involving the local leadership since the ultimate responsability for continuing development rests with the local citizen (Yost and Tracy: 1997;21). Beside that, either one is an economist or traditionalist; we all heartily and sincerely endorse the striving for economic development. In other words, Economic development expresses one of our fundamental hopes and aspiration. Moreover, in its report published in 1996, the UNDP (United Nations Development Program), defined human development as the endeconomic growth a means. (Human Development Report 1996). (http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr1996/). Disadvantages of Culture: Speaking about the disadvantages of culture on development, one may argue that sometime people because of their ignorance or lack of knowledge can deny even what is indispensable for their survival on the basis of their cultural beliefes. Thus, as it has been argued by Spackamn, people need to be empowered as toward decision making.And, in my view, any theologian and any educated person who cares about the Development of Africa should think critically about the impact of culture.According to Spackman, culture can have positive impact on development just as it can have negative repercussion on development. Thus, this situation often plunge us into a dilemma because on one hand we are eager to keep our culture of which we are proud of but on the other hand, as leaders, we are compelled to lead people toward a sustainable development. (Speckman2007:40-44), Impact of Sexism ad patrirchy on development As mentioned before, this paragph will be discussing sexism in Africa and its impact on development. I will demonstrate how sexism and patriarchy have contributed all along many years to the oppression of women and, consequently this situation has also lead to the oppression of men and the impoverishing of Africa. Definition of Sexism: According to Cambridge Dictionary, Sexism is the belief that the members( in this case women) of one sex are less intelligent , able skillful, less accepted/valued by God than the members of the other sex. Especially that women are less than men are. (Cambridge Dictionary2005:1166). Mercy Amba Oduyoye argues that Womens status in most societies is far lower than that of men. In her view, this situation is due to cultural stereotype specified under attributes and responsibilities. (Oduyoye, 2007:22).Beside that, even the way the Bible has been often interpreted has immensely contributed to women oppression. In most African society, at the death of parents in most only male children will inherit and never a girl.Thus in African society and all over the World, there is a tendency to consider a boy more valuble than a girl.when there is shortage of income in the familly, often it isthe girl who has to interrupt her studies in favor of the boy. Secondly, though a woman is said to be a partner, in most decision making, either within the society or within the familly practically, she does not have much to contribute if not nothing. In other word she is just there as an auxilliary to her husband. Once divorced, a woman loses respect and finds herself despised if she does not quickly remarry. The whole education has been in preparation for marriage, so a failure here is a total failure. No woman is destined to stay single if so she has done something wrong. (Oduyoye, 2007:22). Apart from sexism found in the culture, we also find that even the way Bible has been interpreted does not encourage wo mens emancipation. To use Nyangweso words, Marriage is endocentric. This is a universal experience that cries for reexamination.'(Nyangweso2007:61). From the Hebrew Testament to the New Testament, the position occupied by women is often portayed to be lower to that of men. Thus, Oduyoye argues that gender stratification has distorted the quality of human relations and it continues to deny the parity between women and men to accept female and male as equivalent expression of being. (Nyangweso2007:62). How then do sexism and patriarchy impact negatively on Africans development? By oppressing women, some men think that they will monopolize the power and order will be established. However, a careful observer will agree with me that by oppressing women, men are doubly oppressed. First, men are deprived from the closest source of support. As when woman and man have equal access to education and make their economic decision together, this can boost their economy. In the previous decades we saw that in some part of Africa like Senegal, women were not allowed to attend school and this in my view was oppressive toward a man as he has by himself to provide not only for himself but his wife and children whereas a woman well educated will have access to better job and financial resources. And this will solve not only her financial problem but also will be able to raise the household income. (Oduyoye, 2007:22).By doing so the man is secured from working doubly. And more interesting, a husband will have peace of mind knowing that after his death his wife and children wi ll not be mistreated by the rest of his family. Womens contribution was not really valued in terms of Development .That is why pne may ague that sexism constitute a stubling block as women are considered as passive agents in the process of the development whereas ,if they were to be valued, their input should have boosted our Development. I dare to say that taking as reference to our modern time where men and women appear to ocupy the same position and deliver the same service.Thus tooday we have Nurses, Doctors, Enginneer, Political parties Leaders such as DA in South Africa and so on.In one word, one may say that African Development will not progress untill all of those who are oppressed by sexism and partiacrhy are free. Thus the UNDPs statement (Unitied Nations development Programme), Gender equality and womens empowerment are central to achieving for inclusive, democratic, violence-free and sustainable development in Africa and therefore a condition to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). www.undp.org/porvety The impact of our religious and social beliefs on development. Land and devolpment: Culture has a huge impact on land development. Werner Sombart argued that any economic system is nothing but a manifestation of the existing culture. And, a culture exists because of a certain spirit. (12).Thus in section I wish to discuss some of both positive and negative impacts of Culture on Agriculture and environmnet in general given its role in Development. Speaking about African culture and development, it is important to understand that knoweledge as a crucial component of technology raises some pertinent questions in Arfrican culture. Its cultural construction raises questions like: What value is placed on different forms of knowledge? (And by whom)Who has access to, or access to exploit knowledge? Consequently, individual are not free to engage in research given that only a certain group of people has access to that field.Often, it is found that our Culture imposes some practices that dont encourage development. For istance, in some areas where the tra dition is still highly observed, we find that there are some places which are reserved strictly for ancestors worship as well as some restrictions to cultivate some products. This can be a challenge when the government want to develop a such area either in terms infrustructrure, roads or practice an Agriculture which will benefit many.Often, when the Government insists and go against the will of the resident of that area, it is found that the project is never successful given that as the ABCD methods states a true development project, has to be initiated by people and with people. (Class notes) Impact of Lobola on development: Beside the issue of land, another pertinent issue in our modern time which arises from culture to be discussed is the issue of Lobola and weding ceremonies .Today, in South Africa and elsewhere in Africa, the issue of Lobola present a stumblig block to development for different individuals. Originally, Lobola was meant to express a link between the two families. According to one of my South African friends, lobola was like a gift of appreciation to the best familly. Howerever, as time goes on, this practice has changed its aim and has tendency to become a business whereas life does not always allow it. Consequently, most couple ends up in debts.Speaking about development, this practice does hinder financially the new couple from achieving other goals such as education of quality of both their children and themselves because they can not afford it.In the future, this situation affect both the familly and the Nation as we can only produce a service of q uality if we have rceived an education of good quality. Furthermore, any carefull observor, will argue with me that the economical situation doe no more allow to feast for a long period.Thus to enforce the new couple into endless parties and ceremonies just in the name of culture is irrespective to what is defined as Sustainable Development as According to The United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, development is sustainable if it meets the needs of the Present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs..Here the point I am trying to make is that there are many cultural practices that may seem to be fastidious whereas they dont encourage savings. (http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr1996/) Deseases, Culture and Development: Today, no country in the World is unacquainted of HIV and AIDS. According to the report generated by the UNDP in 2007, South Africa was experiencing the most severe AIDS in the World. 5.7 millions of People living with HIV and almost 1,000 AIDS deaths occuring every day. In its efort to fight this deasease, South African Goverment together with Who (World Health Organization) spent millions of Rand in order to support people who are infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. (http://www.avert.org/aidssouthafrica.htm) One of the reasons why this desease continue to spread extremely beyond major is our behavior due to our cultural beliefs and practices .Some of the practices to consider here are levirate mariage and poligamy. Levirage mariage implies that when the father of the house dies, his brother has to replace him. And, often this happen inspite of the wish of the wife of the desease.Consequently, this practice perpuates the spread of HIV in case one of the new couple is already infected. Apart from levirate mariage, polygamy which is accepted in most African Culture like Zulu culture for instance is another obstacle.Furthermore, beside levirate mariage and Polygamy, the way our tradition conceives and deals with deaseses such as HIV and Aids and many others such as Swine Flu, Cholera and so on often end in disastrous result. On 30th of November 2006 for instance, the SACC adressed its concern about a traditional healer who claimed to have cured 500 HIV-positive people with the use of herbs which acording to the invistigation done it was just a way of attracting people to draw their attention to traditional medications.( http://www.mg.co.za/article/2006-11-29-church-council-outraged-over-aidscure-claim) Beside that, some traditional healer do often suggest method which rather than leading to the cure encourage the spread of HIV. This, being because they have another understanding of the disease. Some believe that by sleeping with a virging girl they would get rid of the desease , others argue that the use of Condoms is not in accordance with our culture.I remember in my culture that there is an odd say ntawurya umunwa wugaye meaning no man can eat the mouth closed implying that a man could never have sex and stop the semens from entering the female private part.Others will go even further by arguing that condoms are Westerns assert used to spread the desease among Black People in other to exterminate them. Consequently, these b elieves have been the cause of death of many talented and energetic young people indispensable for the development of Africa. Thus while encouraging our young generation to assume the continuity of our Culture, we should be keen to think critically about certain practices that hinder the Development of our people. Beside that, each African should endeavour to reduce the cost of supporting people living with HIV and AIDSas it has huge repercussion on national economy. Impact of HIV on Development South African Government spends millions of rand each month to fight the desease and especially in the support of people living with HIVand AIDS by providing ERVs and other medications including the distribution of free condoms.These huge amount of funds which are used to support people living whith HIV and AIDS constitute a big lost as there should be used to support many other projects such as Education, scientific research,the fight against Women oppression and crime, and different studies that may help to kep our Environmnent from degradation and many other projects which in return will contribute to the Development process. By criticizing the investment in the fight against HIV and AIDS, I am not arguing that it worthless project.I do believe that People who are infected and affected by HIV and AIDS are still people who deserve dignity and support. This being because first of all, they remain human like others and, most of them are indispensable for our Development. However, the point I am trying to make is that the support of people living with HIV and AIDS is very costy .Therefore, wherever possible we should be willing to divorce ourself from any practice that favor the spreading of HIV and AIDS in this case certain cultural pratices and believs mentioned above. Impact of Christianity on Development. Speaking about the church as one aspect that has shaped our culture (cfr introduction), While speaking about Development and Culture, it might look easy to criticize what had been passed on to us by our forefathers. One of the reasons is because; these cultural practices appear to be too old. Some of them are not even in practice today.They are just part of our history though we claim them to be part of our culture .And; often we just refer to them when it suits us as a way to defend our manhood, political argument and so on for instance. However, if we will have to engage critically, I think we should speak more about what appears to be a burning issue. Thus in my view, it is essential while discussing culture and development not to leave aside Christianity. This being as discussed before, the way we practice Christianity can constitute a culture.Though it is universally known that Chrisitianity is a religion, I wish to ague that Christian life is itself a culture. Thus, just as one can engage critically with his/her culture, we should also be bold to discus some of the impacts of Christianity on Development. Positive impact of Christianity on Development: One of the positive impacts of Christianity for us as African is that it has free us from diferent ancestoral practices which dont encourage development. This is for istance the total dependency on spiritual agencies and forgeting that we are the custodians of the earth.Beside that, Christianity does encourage hard working. Thus looking unto Jesus, Paul (He who does not work should not eat). And, today, some churches have sort to preach the prosperity Gospel. This kind of Gospel has some good aspects of development in a sense that it does encourage people to know that it is their fathers will that they may prosper (verse).Some individuals argue that one of the reason why Europ is more developed than africa is because we as African put the spiritual realm first and undermine our ability to create.This is often explained by the fact that in Europ, during the modern period, Europe develop dramatically especially in terms of technology and economy. Negative impact of Christianity on Development Though one may say that Christianity enclose numberous positive aspects for development, one has also to be aware of the negative impacts that Christianity can revert on Development and often due to the way, we interpret the scriptures. Often, church leaders do teach that we have to live a poor life. We have to look on things above. We should not keep our tresearues on earth here roast and will eat them. Thus, a missinterpretaion of such verses has leaded some of believers to be satisfied with their porvety and therefore hinder them from seing any need for development. Beside that, another negative aspect of Christian teachings is its impassibility visavis to issues regarding development and politic.Scholars in nowadays came to the conclusion that such attitude reveals ignorance given that the church operates within the society and whaterver strikes the society also strikes the church (Simangaliso.). It is therfore good time that the church starts to engage with not only spiritual is sues but also social issue. Conclusion In Conclusion, this essay has discussed the impact of Culture on Development. I have demonstrated how some facets of culture such as partiacrchy, sexims and Chrsitainity do impact both positively but most largely negatively on Development progress.Most extensively; I have discussed how culture in Africa has hindered the development process. I came to the understanding that there is no culture which is universal and there is no culture which is eternal. Consequently, each cultural practice should be understood from its historical and socialogical context and applied in contemplation with the current political, social and economic situation. Reference Ife,J.(2002), Community Development,(2nd edition), Pearson ,Sydney Australia NIV Bible Nyangweso.,M 2007,FemaleCircumcision, Maryknoll, New York :Orbis Oduyoye, Mercy Amba, 1986.Hearing and Knowing: Theological Reflections on Christianity in Africa,Maryknoll:Orbis.2001 Simangaliso, R, 2005, Theology and Education, the role of the Church in education for social transformation: A Methodist contribution, Cecil Renaud Library Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Speckman MT, 2007, A Biblical Vision for Africas development ?, Cluster Publication http://www.mg.co.za/article/2006-11-29-church-council-outraged-over-aidscure-claim http://www.avert.org/aidssouthafrica.htm www.undp.org/porvety http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr1996/ Schech,S and Haggis,J.(ed)(2002) Development: A Cultural Studies Reader ,Publisher Blackwell Yost,L and Tracy,H(ed).(1997) (class notes)

The High Cost of Genetic Engineering Essay -- Persuasive Argumentativ

The High Cost of Genetic Engineering    Genetic research on human embryos, in correlation with the human genome, is the key to gene therapy, genetic diagnosis, and even to genetically engineered human beings.   Knowing which gene controls what trait and causes what genetic disease will arm doctors with a powerful tool to treat their patients at the molecular level.   On the other hand, this allows people to possibly manipulate genes to enhance specific traits or create the perfect baby.   Genetic research on human embryos has two implications.   A practical one in therapeutic research (to detect, and hopefully correct gene flaws), and then the potentiality of allowing parents to decide how their child should look (or in an extreme word, eugenics).   The former, which at the present is wishful thinking, will be a reality in the future if the technology becomes feasible.   Assuming that we did genetically engineer for positive, medicinal purposes, it would require germ-line therapy, eliminating the necessity of constant somatic cell therapy.   Germ-line therapy is the process of replacing genes, whereas somatic cell therapy is adding genes and hoping that they replicate at a higher rate than others.   Possible targets for genetic engineering would be genetic diseases, such as Huntington (The Benefits of Genetic Engineering) and Parkinson, those proven to be linked to genetic predisposition, such as cancer (Ao, 140), psychological disorders like schizophrenia (Bernstein, 518), and major birth defects (Resta).   There are however drawbacks to these treatments.   Examples include undue suffering to the subjects due to botched engineering of the genes (Wolfson), also known as the Frankenstein factor, psychological trauma associated with... ....edu/hdsa/huntingtonsdisease.nclk Resta, Robert G.   Genetic Counseling:   Coping with the Human Impact of Genetic Disease:   Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.gene.com/ae/AE/AEC/CC/counseling_background.html Saetz, Stephen. 1985.   "Eugenics and The Third Reich."   The Eugenics Bulletin.   Winter.   Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.ziplink.net/~bright/papers/3rdreich.html What's Morally Wrong with   Eugenics:   Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.med.upenn.edu/~bioethic/library/papers/art/EugenicsNotreDame.html Wolfson, Richard.   Cloning, Marketing Life, and Playing God (Part II): http://www.natural-law.ca/genetic/BiotechNov97.html Magazine Articles: Dickman, Steven.   "Human Embryos Carrying Altered Genes." New Scientist July, 1997. Henig, Robin M. "Tempting: If you could dictate the content of your kid's genes, wouldn't you?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shouldn't you?"   Discover May, 1998.   Pp. 58-64.

Miseducation of Filipino Essay

Prof. Renato Constantino, in his essay entitled â€Å"The Miseducation of the Filipino†, writes about the coming about of the miseducation and the consequences of such action in the lives of the Filipinos, then, now, and perhaps the future. Promoting and imposing the â€Å"unFilipino† identity in Filipinos was the miseducation that Americans pursued during the time when they â€Å"posed† as a benevolent ally to the Philippines, and they proved victorious indeed because they had completely subjugated the Filipinos, both in minds and in hearts. Education is a very vital factor for one’s development. And as we all know, through education, one’s mind is molded because of the teachings, ideas, and values taught to him. Due to this fact, it’s only either of the two that will happen: the person will become productive provided that he was taught with the right things, or, the person will become otherwise since he acquired negative things. Personally, I learned and realized many things about the history and relationship between the Americans and the Filipinos upon reading this paper. It is quite intriguing what the main reasons really were the Americans in taking power over the Philippines. Was it for the good of the Filipinos or the Americans’ good? Whatever it was, they succeeded in almost every aspect of conquering the land because they knew the most effective way to subjugate Filipinos minds: by controlling our education. They created a new generation of good colonials, the â€Å"unFilipino† Filipinos. The indigenous ways of life of Filipinos had been changed to the American way of life. That was ridiculous because certainly, America and Philippines vastly differed from each other in so many ways, and therefore, their ways of life based on their differing needs should be entirely different. But the Americans insisted on creating a â€Å"carbon-copy† of themselves in Filipinos through the imposition of their language in their education. I went to elementary and high school in the Philippines, and I know for a fact they used both English and Tagalog as the media of teaching. In the long run, I think this resulted in both positive and negative ways — positively, because I was uprooted to the U. S. and I was able to use the â€Å"smattering† English I know to communicate with others, and negatively, because as I have just realized, I feel the â€Å"impediment† in my thought process because I cannot think consistently in one language. All in all, I liked this piece because it reiterates the importance of education to not only produce literate people but also to produce people who would use that education to better their nation.

use essays

use essays The short story "Everyday Use" takes place in the home of a black family. The house has three rooms, a tin roof and holes in the walls for windows. This is a family without a man, but a mother that works as hard as a man. In Alice Walker's short story "Everyday Use," the likenesses and the differences between the character Dee and her mother are manifested in many ways. One way the manifested, were their physical appearances. Mother was a "large, big boned woman with, rough man working hands"(61). She had enough "fat to keep her hot in zero degree weather"(61). She also had more of a manly figure, than womanly figure. Dee, on the other hand, was totally the opposite. As Mother says, "Dee was lighter than Maggie, with nicer hair and a fuller figure"(62). She was a woman that had to look nice and have nice things. Their education and self-confidence were also manifested in many ways. The mother never really had an education. She says, "After the second grade the school was closed down"(62). She was very self confident about the way she worked though, Mother said, "I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man"(61). She also brags that "One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes...(61). Dee though, was a pretty educated woman. Her mom and the church raised money for Dee to send her to college in Augusta. She was confident about how smart she was, and that intelligence against her mom and Maggie. Mother said, "She washed us in a river of make believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know."(62). The attitude towards Maggie was mutual between Mother and Dee. They b ...

Dracula Was Human Professor Ramos Blog

Dracula Was Human Tsutomu Miyazaki The Human Dracula Who knew Dracula was actually in Tokyo in the late 80s, killing little girls and eating their hands? Tsutomu Miyazaki, also known as the Otaku Killer or the ‘Human Dracula,’ murdered 4 young girls in 1988, and preserved their body parts as trophies. As these acts are nothings short of horrifying it’s not the only things he did to the corpses of his victims. Tsutomu is seen as a monster for the vicious acts he committed years ago and the extent he took his killings. What made Tsutomu do these horrifying acts can be blamed on the fact that he says, â€Å"nobody would listen to me.† Tsutomu Miyazaki was born on August 21, 1962 and as premature baby which left him with a deformity of the hands. His hands were permanently contorted and fused to the wrists, which meant that he had to move his entire forearm in order to move his hand. Due to his deformity, Tsutomu remained mostly isolated from people for most of his life. He found comfort in his family for a while which made him move back into his parent’s house in the mid-1980s. He took refuge in his grandfather but in May of 1988, his grandfather passed away and Tsutomu took the death very hard, putting him in a severe depression. He was rejected by his two younger sisters and when his older sister caught him watching her in the shower, she told him to leave and he attacked her. When his mother found out about the incident, she told him to focus more on work and he attacked her also. Tsutomu’s parents only wanted him to work at their newspaper business but he wanted to become a teacher, this conflict made him feel like they would not listen to him and all he wanted was someone to hear his problems. â€Å"I felt alone†¦whenever I saw a little girl playing on her own, it was almost like seeing myself (Murderpedia).† Its almost as if Miyazaki murdered the girls not only to get back at the ones who rejected him, but to get back at himself for being so lonely. Miyazaki murdered four little girls in Tokyo, Japan, all under the age of seven and in gruesome ways. His primary method of slaying was strangulation but what he did with the bodies after was the most horrifying part. On August 22, 1988 Miyazaki took his first victim, Mari Konno who was four years old. He took her to a park, took pictures of her, strangled her and took her clothes leaving her naked body behind. He also photographed her clothing and sent the pictures to her family (Ramsland). Miyazaki got away with his first murder and then planned his next victim by October. Masami Yoshizawa was his second victim, a seven-year-old who was walking by herself. Miyazaki persuaded his victim into his car and took her to the spot where he murdered his first victim. He strangled Masami, sexually assaulted the corpse and took her clothes with him. On December 12, 1988, Miyazaki abducted another four-year-old girl named Erika Namba. who he persuaded into his car and took pictures of her like he did the other two victims. He took her clothes with him and was nearly caught. He kept a low profile for the following couple months before taking another victim. Ayako Nomoto was Miyazakis last victim, who he kidnapped on June 6, 1988. Ayako was five years old and was lured away from a park after Miyazaki had been photographing and watching her. Her body was taken back to his house where he would videotape, consume the hand of the corpse, and drink the blood of his victim. He dumped the remains in a cemetery that would later be recovered. In June of 1989, Miyazaki made a mistake that ultimately cost him the illusion of being unknown. He approached two sisters and persuaded one to come with him while the other ran home to get help. The girl’s father stopped Miyazaki in the middle of taking the young girls picture, who he hadn’t got the chance to murder yet. Miyazaki was caught by police while trying to flee to his car, only then did he confess to the murders of the four other girls. When arrested it was found that Miyazaki had 5763 videotapes, many tracing back to be movies he used as outlines for his killings. His collections included the â€Å"Guinea Pig Films† which are said to be his main focus for murder. Miyazaki’s deformity made him isolated, but the neglect from his family sent him into an even worse depression, and his grandfather’s passing only pushed him over the edge. After being arrested and before being put to trial, Miyazaki underwent a psychiatric evaluation. This showed that he suffered from extreme Schizophrenia and had multiple personality disorder. It was proven that he was aware of the severity of his crimes and ultimately was responsible for what he had committed. After Miyazaki was convicted for the murders of the four young girls, his father said in an interview that he regretted not paying more attention to the feelings of his son. After this Miyazaki wrote a furious letter to his father ultimately blaming him for everything. His father committed suicide after the letter and his son being put in jail. Miyazaki was a monster and was feared by many people for his horrific acts of murder, mutilation, vampirism, and preservation of body parts. As Cohen states in Thesis 4: The Monster Dwells at the Gates of Difference, â€Å"the monster is an incorporation of the Outside, the Beyond. What Miyazaki committed was something from the beyond, something that is so horrible, it crossed the line. Killing young girls what monstrous enough, but to drink the blood and eat the hand of his victim? And send the remains of the bodies and pictures to the families was just down right sadistic. Miyazaki was sentenced to death in 1997 and was executed by hanging on June 17, 2008(Wikipedia). Although Miyazaki got justice by being hung, the families of his victims will forever be haunted by what this monster did to their children. Sending remains and pictures of their dead daughters is something only a sick and twisted monster would do. Miyazaki crossed very many lines with the crimes he committed, and be cause he was rejected over and over again by the only people he had close to him, he went on a killing spree to get back at the ones who never gave him a chance. All he wanted was for someone to listen to his problems. As there are many monsters in our society real or fake, the Human Dracula is one no longer among us, the original anyway. We have seen copycat killers of many serial killers before, who’s to say someone wont copy Miyazaki in the future? It will never be clear as to why Miyazaki drank the blood of his victim, but it’s said that he ate one victims hand out of anger for his own. Unfortunately, serial killers and serial rapists will most likely never cease to exist, the ones to come can copy what Miyazaki has done, for the monster always escapes (Cohen). Annotated Bib Blanco, Juan Ignacio. â€Å"Tsutomu Miyazaki | Murderpedia, the Encyclopedia of Murderers.† Jeffrey Weise | Photos | Murderpedia, the Encyclopedia of Murderers, 2001, murderpedia.org/male.M/m/miyazaki-tsutomu.htm. This   article is an overview of Tsutomu as a person, and also overviews his victims and what crimes he committed. He ultimately strangled his victims, but drank the blood and ate the hand of two of his four victims. He was executed by hanging on June17, 2008. Cohen , Jeffrey. â€Å"Jeffrey Jerome Cohen.† Google Scholar Citations, Google, scholar.google.com/citations?user=nrn1HokAAAAJhl=en. The monster theses can help us understand monsters, and why they are what they are. This can be connected to Miyazaki because he is a monster and dwells at difference. The theses cover how a monster always escapes and we can see that in copycat killers. Mehrotra, Akarsh. â€Å"20 Of The Most Notorious Serial Killers The World Has Ever Seen.† ScoopWhoop, ScoopWhoop, 12 June 2015, www.scoopwhoop.com/world/most-evil-serial-killers/. This article covers the 20 most notorious serial killers the world has ever seen. Tsutomu Miyazaki is the third on this list and explains the crimes he committed and how he was named the human Dracula and the little girl murderer. Tsutomu also preserved the body parts of his victims as trophies. Reed, Naomi. â€Å"Tsutomu Miyazaki: The Human Dracula.† Enormous Crime, 21 June 2017, www.enormouscrime.com/tsutomu-miyazaki-human-dracula/. This article describes the life of Tsutomu Miyazaki’s life and the acts he committed. He killed four young girls and drank the blood of one victim and ate the hand of another. This was all going on in 1988 in Tokyo after the death of his grandfather in May of 1988. â€Å"Tsutomu Miyazaki.† Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 July 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsutomu_Miyazaki. This was just an overview of Miyazaki’s life and his killings. It covered how he drank the blood of his victims and ate their hands. He also preserved the body parts, and sent the remains of his victims to the families of the deceased.

Security Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Security Planning - Essay Example In this endeavor, attention has to be given to the provision of gas masks to the public and the shortcomings in tackling terrorist attacks, natural calamities and emergencies has to be ascertained. In addition, it is essential to estimate the extent of safety enjoyed by citizens, governments, communities, businesses and systems of information technologies in the context of such attacks, calamities and emergencies. The cost effective nature of preparedness in respect of uncertain and unpredictable has also to be estimated (Department Of Homeland Security Centers). Another vital aspect to be considered is that of prevention and deterrence, and the measures that have to be adopted with regard to terrorist attacks and natural calamities. There has to be a substantial improvement in vigilance, intelligence gathering and situational awareness. The modus operandi of terrorist threats requires significantly different forms of prevention and deterrence. This can be achieved by resorting to a careful analysis of terrorist events. Such analysis requires a complete understanding of the high consequence events and their unique characteristics, especially when weapons of mass destruction are involved (Department Of Homeland Security Centers). Decision making is a v... Moreover, it is essential to resort to modeling and simulation so that an approximation can be obtained in respect of the actual incident to be encountered. A well designed model can prove to be immensely useful in countering terrorist and other threats (Department Of Homeland Security Centers). In order to respond to major emergencies, networks have to be established, which on occasion function beyond the traditional means of communications. The individuals' participation in pacifying major homeland security crises and the constitution of social networks are necessary for countering major emergencies. Formation of temporary or event - based networks are better equipped to handle such events. Hazard, economic, transportation and other modeling operations should be rehearsed as they result in an understanding of the causes and effects of emergencies. Moreover, they are helpful in identifying and adopting suitable action during crises (Department Of Homeland Security Centers). Of these aspects decision making is the most important and if a mistake is committed, while taking a decision, then the consequences can be disastrous. Further, the damage caused can be much higher if a wrong decision is taken. 2. Government at the federal, state, and local level must actively collaborate and partner with the private sector, which controls 85 percent of America's infrastructure . . . the nation's infrastructure protection effort must harness the capabilities of the private sector to achieve a prudent level of security without hindering productivity, trade, or economic growth. - The President's National Strategy for Homeland Security. The federal government has the capacity to organize, convene, and coordinate broadly across governmental

Drunk Drivers Should Be Imprisoned on their first offense Essay

Drunk Drivers Should Be Imprisoned on their first offense - Essay Example Because of this drastically increased risk of death, it is the assertion of this particular author that the penalties for drunk driving must be increased significantly. One such effective mechanism through which drunk driving can be ameliorated is to change the dynamics of the criminal justice system so that the penalty for doing it becomes so severe that individuals will reconsider whether it is ultimately worth it risk driving themselves or whether they should opt instead for the inconvenience and potentially more expensive alternative of arranging alternate means of transportation. Within such an understanding, it is the belief of this particular analyst that if the penalty for first offense drunk driving was mandatory prison time, the dynamic that is exhibited throughout the United States would significantly shift; promoting safer roads and protecting the lives of thousands that might otherwise be victim to the loss of life, paralysis, and injury that tens of thousands of drunk d rivers cause each and every year. The most important rationale behind seeking to increase the penalties for drunk driving has to do with the impulse and nature of the crime itself. As with many crimes, narcissism and the desire to promote one’s own needs and goals above that of society is the root cause of drunk driving. Within such an understanding, the reader can appropriately note that mandatory prison sentences for first time offenders may very well promote two approaches to the dynamic that has been described. Firstly, it will engage the potential drunk driver with an understanding that their own narcissistic goals are not maximized by taking the profound risk of facing a mandatory prison sentence if they are caught (Friel, 2005). Secondly, it provides those individuals that are caught, prosecuted and imprisoned with valuable time to consider the misdeeds that they have done and rehabilitate themselves via an enforced and

Wal-Mart Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Wal-Mart - Research Paper Example For small businesses operating locally the entrance of Wal-Mart would have a series of disadvantages: at a first level, Wal-Mart could provide to consumers products that would not be available through local stores (Hill & Jones 2007). In fact, in Wal-Mart consumers would have the chance to choose among a high range of products; as a result, consumers would prefer to visit Wal-Mart, instead of local stores, for their shopping. Moreover, Wal-Mart, as a megastore, is able to keep the price of its products low (Hill & Jones 2007). The owners of local stores are often unable to decrease the price of their products/ services due to the fact that their sales are at a relatively low level, at least compared to the sales of megastores (Hill & Jones 2007). Wal-Mart has been already accused as leading many owners of small businesses to stop business activities, a fact that is related to the non-potential of these individuals to lower the price of their products (Kotler & Armstrong 2009, p.410). In other words, local businesses would be forced to close in the case of the entrance of Wal-Mart in their market; such decision would be unavoidable mostly due to the following two reasons: local stores would not be able to provide to consumers the high range of products available at Wal-Mart. Also, local stores could not offer their products at the price that Wal-Mart does. The advanced technology available at Wal-Mart could also lead to customer service of high quality, at least compared to local stores (Armstrong et al. 2009, p.380). A problem of unfair competition would possible appear in the above case. At this point, reference should made to the study of Guy (2007) where the following issue is highlighted: before allowing the establishment of a megastore in their town, the authorities of a small town would primarily check whether the structure/ design of their town allows such plan

Why I Deserve the Jennifer Velasco Scholarship Essay Example for Free

Why I Deserve the Jennifer Velasco Scholarship Essay When I made the Sterling Varsity tennis team I set up a goal for myself and it was to be the number one in the team, I started playing tennis when I was a freshman and I also joined the USTA tennis association. Tennis became to be more than a passion to me it was even more than a hobby, I really enjoy spending time in the courts and listening to all my coaches giving me advice of how to get better. From my freshman year to my senior year I practiced tennis every single day of the week I could even on most weekends, I took lessons and I also volunteered to help coaching the 10 and under kids in the last summer with Coach Rene Ronquillo. I got 3rd place on my freshman district tournament and on my sophomore year got 1st place in district, I made the sterling varsity tennis team my junior year and worked really hard to be the in the top 5 of the boys ladder. In January 2011 I got the opportunity to go a whole weekend with the tennis team to Newks Tennis Ranch in New Braunfels, Texas. Which is a professional tennis academy and out of 70 players I got the scholarship for a tennis summer camp at Newks tennis ranch. At the end of the 2011 fall Team Tennis Season I was awarded as the player who made the most improvement to his overall game on the men’s team. I took advantage of the scholarship I got for the Newks Tennis Summer Camp in 2012 and came back and played all my challenge matches and made the number 1 player in the boys ladder for the 2012 fall Team Tennis Season. I was also named first team All-District for the 2012 fall season. In January 2013 I had another opportunity to go to Newks Tennis Ranch for a whole weekend with the tennis team and got the scholarship for a second time out of 74 players. Currently I’ve been playing mixed doubles and we got 1st place on our district tournament. Tennis has definitely made me a better person in life and I thank to all the people who have support me through all my 4 years of tennis in high school. I hope I can win the Jennifer Velasco scholarship because it means a lot to me and I have worked very hard to get on where I am right now and I can say that all the effort was well worth it.

Is Profit Maximization Consistent With Wealth Maximization Finance Essay

Is Profit Maximization Consistent With Wealth Maximization Finance Essay The objective of the firm is to make profits by meeting the needs of stakeholders. Generally, ceteris paribus, the objective of the firm is to maximize its ultimate value through profit maximization, while incurring the lowest costs. Basically, the ultimate objective of the firm is to acquire maximum profits and wealth for its shareholders. It is important to note that, the value of the firm is signified by the existing market prices of the corporations common stock market. In this respect, the maximization of the shareholders wealth is enhanced by the acquiring of maximum profits at the lowest level of expenditure. As it has been revealed, there exists a very strong co-relation between profit maximization and wealth maximization, where each of them forms part of the objective of the firm. In this case, the total earnings do not represent the ultimate value of the corporation but the profits accrued from the employed resources. Generally, any firm would be run towards acquirement of high profits which represent its actual wealth for its shareholders (Westerfield 23-75). Firms exist to meet the needs of stakeholders and to provide an efficient way of producing in a non-price environment. Firms exist to meet the needs of the populace in an efficient and a sustainable manner. 2. Is profit maximization consistent with wealth maximization? Why or why not? Profit maximization is not consistent with wealth maximization. It has some drawbacks and cannot be used for effective evaluation on the performance of the firm. On the other hand, wealth maximization, which is also known as the net present worth of a firm can be used to evaluate the performance of the firm. Wealth maximization is seen as more comprehensive and superior than profit maximization. Profit maximization deals with minimizing short term profits and is not forward-looking. Again, the profit maximization objective does not factor in time value of money considerations. Therefore wealth maximization is superior because it is a long term objective and considers the time value of money by discounting cash flows to the present time. Additionally, wealth maximization considers uncertainty by discounting at the required rate of return and considering the other stakeholders of the firm. Profit Maximization Wealth Maximization It is not clear on when the profit is counted as profit whether this should be before or after tax. Another uncertainty involves the long-term or short-term profit. Short term profit can be foregone by avoiding some expenditure but in the long run, these expenditures have to be paid for. Therefore long term profit has to be considered, and not short term profit. Wealth maximization shows the present value of benefits minus the cost of the investment. Profit maximization does not factor in risk. Different projects have different degrees of risk of future earnings. A project with fluctuating earnings is not the same as one with certainty earnings. By not looking at the risk factor of projects, profit maximization cannot be used for the operational objective of the firm. Risk is considered in wealth maximization as the discounted rate used to determine the present value of future cash flows factors in the risk. Lastly, profit maximization does not factor in the time value of money. A dollar spent today is not equivalent to the same dollar spent tomorrow. Cash drawn from a project in different years is considered the same, which is not realistic. Wealth maximization considers the time value of money as the cash drawn from a project in different years are not the same. The discounted rate that determines the present value of future cash flows shows both risk and time. 3. Describe the three main decisions in Corporate Finance The three main decisions in Corporate Finance are: (a) Investment Decision (Allocation) There are two key questions that are looked into when a firm wants to make an investment. What is a good investment? The firm looks at the various investment options in the market, for instance real estate investments or stocks investments. The risk involved and the returns to be gained. Where will the firms resources be invested? Here, it is important that the firm does not put all their resources into one basket. For instance, the firm may decide to invest a certain percentage of their resources in either stocks or real estate. Further, the pattern and the level of investment would be determined in which each investment plan is evaluated on the risks involved together with its ultimate returns expected. It is important to note that, the pattern of investment would still be an important factor to consider since each individual plan of investment would be accompanied with its benefits and risks. (b) Financing Decision Primarily, the financial decision considers where the firm would raise the funds for these investments. Will the firm use the shareholders/owners funds or borrow from the bank? The mix of equity and debt is what is considered in the financing decision. When, where and how to acquire the money to meet the firms needs. In this case, the finance managers ought to decide on the financing strategy of the firm, in which the evaluation of various sources of finance to cater for the running of firms activities would be made. Basically, each source of capital would be evaluated with the level of interests to be paid for the amount of money acquired. Capital Structure Modigliani y Miller (1958) how much should a firm borrow? (c) Dividend Decision The dividend decision is concerned with how much of the firm profits should be given to the shareholders, and how much of it should be reinvested. A dividend policy should be determined. the dividends decision would be made in order to determine the amount of the profits to be ploughed back into the firm depending on the amount of profits made (Westerfield 23-75). Dividend policy Modigliani y Miller (1961) another irrelevance proposition Another finance decision worth mentioning is the liquidity decision, whereby a firm looks at how to manage working capital and its components. 4. What is a hurdle rate? Why is it important? Also known as the cut off rate, the hurdle rate is the minimum expected return a firm will consider in accepting investment decisions. If a firms proposal own internal rate of return, r, is greater than the minimum rate of return, k, then it is acceptable. The r is internal to the project while the k (hurdle rate) is external to the project. The hurdle rate is used to make a decision based on the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method which takes into account the cash flows occurring at different times and adjusts them according to the time value of money. The hurdle rate is very important as it enhances the planning of the investment patterns and levels since the firm establishes investment patterns which would the highest possible minimum returns. Basically, hurdle rate determines on how to acquire investment capitals as those capital sources with very high interest rates would not be economical to choose. The hurdle rate represents the internal rate of return of any investment since the finance manager would be in a position to decide on various allocation within the firm, on the basis of the hurdle rate set in the firm. 5. What are the main components of a discount rate? The discount rate is the rate at which money values are discounted at various times, within an investment period. Discount rates are comprised of three main components which include the interest rate of money, level of inflation and risk premiums involved. More specifically, the interests rates at which money capital is allocated comprises of the discount rates in any projected investment project. Specifically, the interest rate of money is the return got from delaying consumption. More so, the level of inflation in the country determines the value of money. This is because the level of inflation determines the purchasing power of money, which represents the ultimate value of money. Lastly, risks involved in the investment venture are another important component of the discount rate. Generally, highly risky business ventures would always have high discount rates. In this respect therefore, it would be very important for the finance manager to determine the discount rates to be used i n the calculation of the cash-flows in the business venture (Westerfield 23-75). 6. Define the Efficient Market Hypothesis Efficient market hypothesis is an investment assumption that postulates that, financial markets are efficient in providing information about the market returns from any form of investment. More specifically, in efficient market hypothesis, investors are controlled by the existing market conditions in terms of the financial stability or conditions of the money market. It is important to note that, inflation level and economic conditions of the country determines a lot on the efficiency of the financial information given by the market in terms of money interests and capital returns. In this regard, investors need to evaluate their investment ventures on the basis of the existing conditions or the information got from the financial markets which are considered to be the accurate in providing financial information (Higgins 12-43). 7. Describe the three forms of efficiency The 3 forms of efficiency are the strong-form efficiency, semi-strong efficiency and weak-form efficiency. In the form weak-form efficiency, all the information in the past stock-price fluctuations is totally shown in the present prices. This means that, the information provided is to compare the current price levels with the past prices. The semi-strong form involves the reflection of all publicly available data about the current prices in the market. In this form, there is some information that is withheld among the investors but most of the information is availed to the general public. On the other hand, the strong-form of efficiency in the market reflects all relevant information in the money market, whether withheld or publicly available. Here, the investors have the opportunity to explore in-depth all the trends of the money market in order to make reliable information about their investment (Westerfield 23-75). 8. What is the difference between Technical Analysis and Fundamental Analysis? Technical Analysis Fundamental Analysis Technical analysis is an appraisal strategy in the money market that looks at the price movements in the market in order to establish their security levels for investors to decide on how to choose their investment plans. Fundamental analysis on the other hand refers to the economic factors facing the money market in which each of the statement is presented in financial statements as opposed to technical analysis which uses using charts. Technical analysts usually use information found in charts and graphs to determine the financial worth of the company. Generally, fundamental analysis determines the ultimate value of the company by examining its financial statements like balance sheets and income statements among others. technical analysts use shorter periods of time in their determination of the worth of the company Fundamental analysis involves a log period of time in which the financial worth of the business ought to be devised using subsequent fiscal periods but not one period Information derived from (Higgins 12-43) 9. Do you believe markets are efficient? I believe that markets are not as efficient as economists reveal that they are. The major reason is because various market conditions are controlled by external factors which they have no control over them. In this respect, it would be difficult to determine the efficiency of the market or to predict the conditions of the market on considerations that, these external factors are also controlled by other forces. For instance, markets are often controlled by inflation rates and interest rates which are factors beyond the control of the market itself. On this consideration, it would be very important for any investor to note the unpredictability of the markets in order to make appropriate investments. There is no perfect information in the market. It is on this basis therefore that I believe that markets are not efficient at all (Westerfield 23-75). 10. Efficient Market Hypothesis Which of the following statements are true if the efficient market hypothesis holds? a. It implies that future events can be forecast with perfect accuracy. b. It implies that prices reflect all available information. c. It implies that security prices change for no discernible reason. d. It implies that prices do not fluctuate. If efficient market hypothesis holds, the future events can be forecasted with ease. This is because, all the information concerning stocks in the stock market would be well presented in a more accurate way, to reflect on the subsequent trends expected in the future in the market. In this respect therefore, if the efficient market hypothesis holds, it would enhance easiness in predicting any future trends of investment as the information in the market would be quite reliable. More so, if this hypothesis holds, the information provided would be reflecting all the prices that would be available in the market. This is because; every price presented in the market information would greatly imply a predictive nature of the prices in the future markets. Generally, if the efficient market hypothesis holds, then the above two statements would be true (Higgins 12-43).